01 - In the bowl of a stand mixer, combine warm milk, orange juice, and active dry yeast. Let the mixture rest for 5 minutes until it becomes foamy and fragrant.
02 - Add granulated sugar, eggs, melted butter, orange zest, and salt to the yeast mixture. Mix on medium speed until thoroughly combined.
03 - Gradually add the all-purpose flour, mixing until a soft, slightly sticky dough forms. Add a small amount of additional flour if the dough remains too tacky.
04 - Knead the dough on medium speed using a dough hook for 5 to 8 minutes, until it becomes smooth, elastic, and pulls away cleanly from the bowl.
05 - Lightly oil a large bowl and transfer the dough inside. Cover tightly with plastic wrap and place in a warm, draft-free spot until doubled in size, approximately 1 to 1½ hours.
06 - While the dough rises, combine packed light brown sugar, softened butter, ground cardamom, cinnamon, and orange zest in a small bowl. Mix until smooth and creamy.
07 - On a lightly floured work surface, roll the risen dough into a 16 x 12-inch rectangle.
08 - Spread the cardamom-orange filling evenly across the dough surface, leaving a ½-inch border on all sides to prevent overflow during rolling.
09 - Starting from the long side, roll the dough tightly into a firm log. Pinch the seam firmly to seal.
10 - Slice the log into 12 equal pieces using a sharp knife or unflavored dental floss. Place each piece swirl-side up in a greased 9x13-inch baking dish.
11 - Cover the dish and let the buns rise until puffy and nearly touching, about 30 to 40 minutes. Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 350°F.
12 - Bake for 20 to 25 minutes, until the tops are golden brown and the centers are fully cooked through. Allow to cool in the dish for 10 minutes.
13 - Whisk together powdered sugar, orange juice, and ground cardamom until smooth. Drizzle the glaze generously over the slightly warm buns before serving.